Practice for Exam

Vocab-- Define using original English

1. altus- high
2. amare- to love
3. annus- year
4. audere- to hear
5. cena- meal
6. cives- soldier
7. cognoscere- to think about
8. cras- tomorrow
9. decimus- tenth
10. deus- two
11. dominus- house
12. duo- two
13. emere- ?
14. exspectare- to protect
15. fortis- strong
16. frater- brother
17. iacere- to throw
18. imperare- to command
19. inter- between
20. iratus- angry
21. iubere- ?
22. legere- to march
23. magis- magic
24. mare- sea
25. miles- ?
26. mox-?
27. nauta- sailor
28. nemo- ?
29. nomen- name
30. nuntiare- to announce
31. octo- eight
32. parare- ?
33. periculum- danger
34. populus- people
35. proficisci- ?
36. promittere- to let through
37. proximus- close
38. pugnare- to fight
39. quartus- fourth
40. regere- to rule
41. respondere- to respond
42. satis- plenty
43. scribere- to write
44. servare- to save
45. sperare- to hope
46. summus- high
47. tandem- ?
48. trahere- to drag
49. urbs- city
50. uxor- wife

Verb ID-- ID 25 Verbs

Post eius mortem nihilo minus Helvetii id quod constituerant facere conantur, ut e finibus suis exeant. Ubi iam se ad eam rem paratos esse arbitrati sunt, oppida sua omnia, numero ad duodecim, vicos ad quadringentos, reliqua privata aedificia incendunt; frumentum omne, praeter quod secum portaturi erant, comburunt, ut domum reditionis spe sublata paratiores ad omnia pericula subeunda essent; trium mensum molita cibaria sibi quemque domo efferre iubent. Persuadent Rauracis et Tulingis et Latobrigis finitimis, uti eodem usi consilio oppidis suis vicisque exustis una cum iis proficiscantur, Boiosque, qui trans Rhenum incoluerant et in agrum Noricum transierant Noreiamque oppugnabant, receptos ad se socios sibi adsciscunt.

Interea ea legione quam secum habebat militibusque, qui ex provincia convenerant, a lacu Lemanno, qui in flumen Rhodanum influit, ad montem Iuram, qui fines Sequanorum ab Helvetiis dividit, milia passuum XVIIII murum in altitudinem pedum sedecim fossamque perducit. Eo opere perfecto praesidia disponit, castella communit, quo facilius, si se invito transire conentur, prohibere possit. Ubi ea dies quam constituerat cum legatis venit et legati ad eum reverterunt, negat se more et exemplo populi Romani posse iter ulli per provinciam dare et, si vim facere conentur, prohibiturum ostendit. Helvetii ea spe deiecti navibus iunctis ratibusque compluribus factis, alii vadis Rhodani, qua minima altitudo fluminis erat, non numquam interdiu, saepius noctu si perrumpere possent conati, operis munitione et militum concursu et telis repulsi, hoc conatu destiterunt.


Flumen est Arar, quod per fines Haeduorum et Sequanorum in Rhodanum influit, incredibili lenitate, ita ut oculis in utram partem fluat iudicari non possit. Id Helvetii ratibus ac lintribus iunctis transibant. Ubi per exploratores Caesar certior factus est tres iam partes copiarum Helvetios id flumen traduxisse, quartam vero partem citra flumen Ararim reliquam esse, de tertia vigilia cum legionibus tribus e castris profectus ad eam partem pervenit quae nondum flumen transierat. Eos impeditos et inopinantes adgressus magnam partem eorum concidit; reliqui sese fugae mandarunt atque in proximas silvas abdiderunt. Is pagus appellabatur Tigurinus; nam omnis civitas Helvetia in quattuor pagos divisa est. Hic pagus unus, cum domo exisset, patrum nostrorum memoria L. Cassium consulem interfecerat et eius exercitum sub iugum miserat. Ita sive casu sive consilio deorum immortalium quae pars civitatis Helvetiae insignem calamitatem populo Romano intulerat, ea princeps poenam persolvit. Qua in re Caesar non solum publicas, sed etiam privatas iniurias ultus est, quod eius soceri L. Pisonis avum, L. Pisonem legatum, Tigurini eodem proelio quo Cassium interfecerant.


Interim Lucterius Cadurcus in Rutenos missus eam civitatem Arvernis conciliat. Progressus in Nitiobriges et Gabalos ab utrisque obsides accipit et magna coacta manu in provinciam Narbonem versus eruptionem facere contendit. Qua re nuntiata Caesar omnibus consiliis antevertendum existimavit, ut Narbonem proficisceretur. Eo cum venisset, timentes confirmat, praesidia in Rutenis provincialibus, Volcis Arecomicis, Tolosatibus circumque Narbonem, quae loca hostibus erant finitima, constituit; partem copiarum ex provincia supplementumque, quod ex Italia adduxerat, in Helvios, qui fines Arvernorum contingunt, convenire iubet.

1. oppida- town
2. numero- number
3. domum- master
4. pericula- danger
5. mortem- corpse
6. aedifcia- building
7. domo- house
8. agrum- field
9. provincia- province
10. fluminus- river
11. operis- work
12. flumen- river
13. partem- part
14. tertia- three
15. unus- one
16. consulem- consul
17. civitas- civilian
18. populo- people
19. princeps- territory
20. solem- Sun
21. civitatem- civilian
22. provinciam- province
23. exploratores- explorers
24. flumen- river
25. militum- army

Purpose Clauses, Relative Clauses, Noun Cases-- Pull purpose and relative clauses; Identify 5 nouns by their cases
Caesari cum id nuntiatum esset, eos per provinciam nostram iter facere conari, maturat ab urbe proficisci et quam maximis potest itineribus in Galliam ulteriorem contendit et ad Genavam pervenit. Provinciae toti quam maximum potest militum numerum imperat (erat omnino in Gallia ulteriore legio una), pontem, qui erat ad Genavam, iubet rescindi. Ubi de eius adventu Helvetii certiores facti sunt, legatos ad eum mittunt nobilissimos civitatis, cuius legationis Nammeius et Verucloetius principem locum obtinebant, qui dicerent sibi esse in animo sine ullo maleficio iter per provinciam facere, propterea quod aliud iter haberent nullum: rogare ut eius voluntate id sibi facere liceat. Caesar, quod memoria tenebat L. Cassium consulem occisum exercitumque eius ab Helvetiis pulsum et sub iugum missum, concedendum non putabat; neque homines inimico animo, data facultate per provinciam itineris faciundi, temperaturos ab iniuria et maleficio existimabat. Tamen, ut spatium intercedere posset dum milites quos imperaverat convenirent, legatis respondit diem se ad deliberandum sumpturum: si quid vellent, ad Id. April. reverterentur.

1. Caesari- genitive
2. provinciam- accusative
3. provinciae- nominative
4. memoria- nominative
5. animo- genitive

*I did use help on the last part, but I'm hoping that we'll be able to review that

venisset- 3rd person singular pluperfect active subjunctive of venire / to come
relinqueret- 3rd person singular imperfect active subjunctive of relinquere / to leave behind
uteretur- 3rd person singular imperfect passive subjunctive of uterere / to use
oppugnare- present active imperative of oppugnare / to fight
instituit- 3rd person singular present active indicative of instituare / to fix
conferri- present passive infinitive of conferare / to collect
produci- present passive infinitive of producare / to lead
iubet- 3rd person singular present active indicative of iubere / to be imposed
conficeret- 3rd person singular imperfect active subjunctive of conficare / to make
relinquit- 3rd person singular present active indicative of relinquire / to leave
faceret- 3rd person singular imperfect active subjunctive of facere / to build
proficiscitur- 3rd person singular present passive indicative of profiscare / to go
existimarent- 3rd person plural imperfect active subjunctive of existimare / to value
mitterent- 3rd person singular imperfect active subjunctive of mittere / to send
comparabant- 3rd person plural imperfect active indicative of comparare / to connect


pervenit- 3rd person singular present active indicative of pervenire / to arrive
differt- 3rd person singular present active indicative of differere / to scatter
imperat- 3rd person singular present active indicative of imperare / to command
contingebat- 3rd person singular imperfect active indicative of cotingare / to seize
profugerent- 3rd person plural imperfect active subjunctive of profugere / to run away
excubare- present active infinitive of excubare / to camp out




Translation:
On the second day, when he came to a town, Vellaunodunum, in the Senones, he decided to attack, lest he leave behind an enemy


ne= lest


Moods: 
Indicative- stating a fact
Subjunctive- things that might be

• would, could, should, might, may
• ut/ne (purpose clause)
• tantum (result clause)
• Indirect question

Imperative 

7.9 Parsing and Translation

1. praeceperat - 3rd person singular pluperfect active indicative of praecipere / to take beforehand 
2. discedit - 3rd person singular present active indicative of discedere / to go apart
3. praeficit - 3rd person singular present active indicative of praeficare / to set over
4. monet - 3rd person singular present active indicative of monere / to remind
5. pervagentur - 3rd person plural present passive subjunctive of pervagentere / to wander
6. absit - 3rd person singular present active subjunctive of absitare / to be away from
7. pervenit - 3rd person singular present active indicative of pervenire / to arrive
8. praemiserat - 3rd person singular pluperfect active indicative of praemisere / to send forward 
9. contendit - 3rd person singular present active indicative of contendere / to stretch 
10. hiemabant - 3rd person plural imperfect active indicative of hiemere / to winter 
11. iniretur - 3rd person singular imperfect passive subjunctive of ineretere / to have gone into
12. praecurreret - 3rd person singular imperfect active subjunctive of praecurrere / to run before 
13. pervenisset - 3rd person singular pluperfect active subjunctive of perevenere / to come up 
14. mittit - 3rd person singular present active indicative of mittere / to let go 
15. cogit - 3rd person singular present active indicative of cogitare / to think
16. posset - 3rd person singular imperfect active sunbjunctive of possere / to be able 
17. reducit - 3rd person singular present active indicative of reducare / bring back
19. attribuerat - 3rd person singular pluperfect active indicative of attribuere / to assign
20. instituit - 3rd person singular present active indicative of instituere / to put in place

Massive Check

1. medius= middle
2. nomen= name
3. sedere= to stay
4. ante= before
5. cognoscere= to find out
6. servus= to save
7. adiuvare= to hear
8. nos= our
9. imperare= to command (HARRY POTTER!)
10. quoque= because of
11. aqua= water
12. femina= woman
13. contra= block
14. legere= to march
15. satis= enough
16. pessimus= sad
17. pauper= poor man
18. flumen- river
19. habitrare= to inhabit
20. proximus= close
21. propter= because of
22. frater= brother
23. tantus= temptation
24. pauci= we
25. redire= to get rid of
26. navigare= to navigate
27. iter= where
28. proficisci= because
29. emere=
30. villa= house
31. optimus= greatest
32. rex= king
33. parare= 
34. minor= small
35. quinque= what
36. rogare= to run
37. qui, quae, quod= what, where, what
38. talis= keepsake
39. tot= whichever
40. videre= to see
41. traus= three
42. nolle= night
43. dea= goddess
44. plus= more
45. noster= our
46. num= with
47. ambulare= to walk
48. in+accusative= with
49. uxor= wife
50. semper= always
51. ut+subjunctive= without
52. miser= money
53. nunc= with
54. ille, illa, illud= with, which, with
55. iacere= to throw
56. ego= I
57. tertius= third
58. ire= anger
59. aut= out
60. septem= seven
61. abesse= to be absent
62. cur= with
63. ducere= to duel
64. circum= circle
65. quintus= five
66. venire= to come
67. de= above
68. senex= old man
69. constituere= to decide
70. clamare= to shout
71. audax= to hear
72. hieri= without
73. prope= teacher
74. cum+preposition= without
75. narrare= to tell
76. accipere= to accept
77. acer= land
78. navis= young
79. que= in
80. nemo= name
81. summus= high
82. mare= sea
83. credere= to trust
84. ponere= to follow
85. octavus= eight
86. longus= long
87. malle= to kill
88. sperare= to hope
89. sex= six
90. minimus= smallest
91. caput= to throw
92. mons= mountain
93. esse= to be
94. opus= work
95. vivere= to live
96. qualis= where?
97. laudare= to praise
98. dives= to divide
99. nox= night
100. annus= year
101. post= after
102. vester= evening prayers
103. equus= horse
104. cras= tomorrow
105. diu= god
106. nihil= not
107. mox= cold
108. res= thing
109. solere= to go around
110. ibi= that
111. iterum= journey
112. bene= good
113. meus= mine

Practice Test

1. mensa= table
2. mater= mother
3. audire= to hear
4. res= thing
5. si= if
6. octavus= eighth
7. ego= I
8. frustra= in vain
9. subito= suddenly
10. mane= in the morning
11. pater= father
12. flumen= river
13. plurimus= most
14. etiam= still
15. regere= to rule
16. scire= to know
17. decem= ten
18. olim= one day
19. ibi= there
20. iacere= to lie down
21. diu= for a long time
22. iuvenis= young man
23. summus= highest
24. amicus= friend
25. septem= seven
26. vendere= to sell
27. narrare= to tell
28. putare= to think
29. pauper= poor 
30. propter=
31. cognoscere= to find out
32. duo= two
33. monere= to warn
34. quattor= four
35. circum= around
36. maior=big
37. conspicere= to notice
38. deinde= then
39. regere= to rule
40. cras= tomorrow
41. tertius= third
42. equus= horse
43. unus= one
44. senex= old
45. vereri= to fear

Vocab 5 Quiz

1. aestas- heat
2. auxiliam- aid
3. complexus- embrace
4. deis- days
5. imber- rain
6. liber- book
7. moles- hills
8. postis- door post
9. res- thing
10. supuchrum- tomb
11. sonitus- sound
12. taberna- shop
13. circumero- to go around
14. excipio- to receive
15. occuro- to experience
16. sterto- to snore
17. clausus- close
18. maximus- very great
19. nocternus- during the night
20. vester- your
21. arcus- arch
22. aqueductus- aqueduct
23. corpus- body
24. gaudium- joy
25. habenae- reins

EXTRA SPECIAL BONUS

stupeo- to be surprised

Quiz Practice on Vocab 5

1. Aestus, aestas
2. Complexis, complexus
3. Domus, domus
4. Gaudium, gaudii
5. Habenae, habenarum
6. Imber, imbris
7. Lapis, lapidis
8. Moles, molis
9. Postis, postis
10. Quies, quietis
11. Risus, risus
12. Sepulchrum, sepulchrumi
13. Taberna, tabernae
14. Uxor, uxoris
15. aedeficio, aedificare, aedificavi, aedificatus
16. conficio, -ere, confeci, confectus
17. excipio, excipere, excepi, exceptus
18. obdormio, obdormire, obdormivi, obdormiturus
19. pervenio, -ire, -veni, -venturus
20. sterto, -ere, stertui
21. attonitus, attonita, attonitum
22. clausus, clausa, clausum
23. excitatus, -a, -um
24. mirus, -a, -um
25. nocturnus, -a, -um

Indirect Speech-
putabat intrare
he thought to enter


[3] Quibus oppressis inopinantibus,quod se Cevenna ut muro munitos existimabant, ac nesingulari quidem umquam homini eo tempore anni semitaepatuerant, equitibus imperat, ut quam latissime possintvagentur et quam maximum hostibus terrorem inferant.
[4] Celeriter haec fama ac nuntiis ad Vercingetorigemperferuntur; quem perterriti omnes Arverni circumsistuntatque obsecrant, ut suis fortunis consulat, neve ab hostibusdiripiantur, praesertim cum videat omne ad se bellumtranslatum. 
[5] Quorum ille precibus permotus castra exBiturigibus movet in Arvernos versus.